Japanese and American Films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Japanese and American Films - Essay Example Kiki's Delivery Service, a Japanese animated fantasy film was produced by Studio Ghibli in Japan on 29th July 1989. Hayao Miyazaki wrote it, produced and directed it as an adaptation of the 1985 novel that was of the same name by Eiko Kadono. Just as Harry Potter, Kiki’s delivery service was first a written novel that became popular and was later turned into a film that made it even more known. Its popularity among the targeted audience who were children led to it winning various awards. The film focuses its story on the main character, a young girl named Kiki. According to the writer of the book, a close understanding of the movie and the book portrayed the gulf between reliance and independence in teenage Japanese girls. Just like Kiki’s delivery service and harry potter and the sorcerer’s stone, a dog of Flanders was first written as a novel which was later produced as a film. The fact that they were all novels before being films is one of the similarities bet ween the three popular films. The screenplay was however written Robert Singer and Brodie which was entirely based on the novel. In 1999, Kevin Brodie directed the film which was shot in Belgium. Based on the original novel, a Dog of Flanders was the fifth film. It can be analyzed that the book versions of these films are very similar to the films. The producers strictly based the films on the characters in the novel, giving them life to help people understand and place a motion picture to the already well understood and loved books.

Compare and contrast the political and economical rights of the free Essay

Compare and contrast the political and economical rights of the free working class in the united states during the 1780s with the 1830s - Essay Example In this same the period, the capitalist mode of production appeared. Many of the workers were not happy, giving rise to the first strike. The journeymen organized the first rule to govern their rights â€Å"rule of the game† and this is what made them prosper. Here it is evident that the first political and economic rights were oppressing the workers a lot but there have been numerous changes, which gave the workers (artisans) more power.i The bill of rights has several amendments that help to streamline the coexistence of the people and the laws. Amendment V1 gives a suspect the right to remain silent in an absence of their lawyers. The suspect has the chance to enjoy fast and fair trial publicly, and have their witnesses to testify in favor of them. Amendment 1 gives the people the right to worship anywhere, freedom of expression even the freedom to question the government performance. Amendment V 111 does not allow extortion of people in the court of law or by the police when giving out fines or bails. The amendment also protects the prisoners from severe punishments. Amendment 11 allows people to own licensed firearms. For economic development to prosper there is the need for security for people to be in a conducive environment. All these amendments are to ensure that there is a protection of the citizen’s rights both economically and politically. ii Marcus Rediker states that in between 1770 to 1830, labor was turned to be a commodity that the workers would display to the masters, giving rise to a centralized mode of agriculture. Centralization of agriculture came with right fewer proletarians. The unruliness displayed by the proletarians made a sailor wonder â€Å"but a pair of good hands and a stout heart to recommend him?† The laborers had no rights and thereby were mistreated. In this period, only the rich alone enjoyed political and economic rights. The communal practice that was common among the Native Americans was killed by capitalism, and it

French Speaking Canadians In The Province Of Quebec History Essay

French Speaking Canadians In The Province Of Quebec History Essay Language has always been the symbol of identity and assimilation. Today no other issue is posing the great danger to the Canada as in the prospect of Quebec sovereignty due to language and identity. This article describes the Quebec situation in terms of language and identity issue. In this article factors that lead to the adoption of Charter in Canadas parliament about the French Language in Quebec in 1977 is discussed. Quebecois were worry about being minorities in their own territories, where they have majority. Mainly after 1960s, the Francophone has held discriminatory feelings of fear and confidence. The fear of being weakened and dying as language and identity of distinct people and the confidence that they can perform better on its own. To these feelings is added the feeling of rejection. These conflicting attitudes have shaped language policy in Quebec in 1977. Since 1960s till now significant controversies exploded in Canadian society with the passage of restrictive languag e legislation. The laws have helped to reverse the position of the French language for French speakers in Quebec. But the issue is not only of language and identity but looking for separate nation. Even the linguistic law has also created some controversies of linguistic communal, individual rights and other minorities rights. Executive Summary Quebec is the Canadian province with majority of French speakers or francophone opposite to the rest of Canada where English speaker are in majority. Due to that, issue of identity and language has taken into a great consideration since the quiet revolution in late 1960s. Francophone refers to French colonists who arrived in Canada during 17th and 18th centuries and whose  mother tongue  is French. Francophone where influence by many factors like low birth rate of French speaker, power economic condition, English migrants etc to struggle for the survival of their language and identity. As a result of these efforts Quebecer achieves some success as well, recognizing the French language as official language of Canada along with English and the only official language of the province. Also the commercial sign, schools and media are to be carrying out in French language. This bill also created some controversies in Canada as many thinks that it is racist bill because it is discriminat ory against other ethnic groups and languages. Two referendums were also taken place in 1980 and 1995, but both the time the Quebecers rejected the separation. In 2006 the House of Common recognizes the Quebec as nation with in the Canada. Which has solve the issue to certain extent but still there are lots of Francophone demanding a separate nation for French speakers. Quebec is also facing some external pressure from USA, ethnic societies and other Canadian provinces due to its current situation in the area. Current situation of Quebec suggest that they should stay as province of the Canada because they not ready for the handling the responsibilities of new independent state. Even the French speakers now get the every right for their identity and language so now the political parties using that issue for gaining political and financial advantages. The best approach is to have referendum in Canada for such issue and solve it with the consensus with all the representative parties of Canada. Table of Contents Abstract 01 Executive Summary 01 Introduction 03 Historical Background 03 Quebecer Language 04 Quebecer Identity and their Issues 04 Challenges successes and continuous problem 05 Conditions leading to new language and Nation 05 Quebec Successes and Continuing Problem 06 Quebec: Separate nation or Canadian Province 06 Internal Circumstances 06 External Circumstances 07 Future of Quebec and there possible solution 08 Important events took place since1980 08 Quebec Vs Basques; similarities / differences 09 Does this relate to the area of the world you come from? 10 Discussion and Evaluation 10 Conclusion 11 References 11 Introduction This paper traces the language and identity progression of Quebec-Canada relations from quiet revolution till now. Quebecers are demanding for acquiring greater provincial powers and control within the Quebec with respect to language and identity because they have majority. In short, for Quebecers independence is now about how the society works, live and play in a large within their ethnic group and their identity. This is being the case of Quebec struggling for its language and identity, since the Quiet revolution 1960s till 2010. In the first phase of article, brief history of Quebec has been describe in terms of French language and French and British invasion in early times. There were also many demographic factors which lead Quebec to fight for language and identity which force francophones for the survival of the French language. These factors are low birth rate in French speakers families, lower socioeconomic status and a fear of mineralization in their own respective territori es. Along with that large number of migrant attracted to Quebec because of English Schools in Quebec. To counter with such issues language policies were made in Quebec to protect the French language and identity. To restrict the access to English language schools, commercial signs in any other language, public administration and the rest of media and other communication should be carried out in French. These circumstances also give birth to new controversies among other ethnic groups for protecting their rights in the Quebec. In the later stage in the paper it is compare to the situation of Basque country. Comparisons were made with respect to similarities and differences in the situation of language of Quebec and Basque. The solution to the Quebec problem is to have a referendum in the entire Canada for Quebec separation but the separation will be harmful for both. Because if it is separated there is possibility of other ethnic groups may raise their voice for separation. For Quebe c it will be hard to mange internal, economic and social factors and external, United State and French interference. Historical background Quebec is the province of Canada that is located in the East Central Canada. Quebec is the only Canadian province that has the majority of French speaking population and the only one whose sole official language at provincial level is French. Although in Canada there are two official languages English and French. Quebec is not only the largest Canadian province by area but also after  Ontario, is the second-largest  administrative division and populous province. There are also some smaller communities of French Canadians exist throughout Canada that are migrated from different regions. The major French speaking Canadians reside in Quebec prefer to call themselves as Quà ©bà ©cois  (Quebeckers) instead of French Canadian. French speaking Quebecers  or  francophone refers to French colonists who arrived in Canada during 17th and 18th centuries and whose  mother tongue  is French. Quebecers  or  francophone constitute the second largest ethnic group in Canada, and ab out 85% of French Canadians reside in  Quebec. According to the census of 2006, 67% of residents of the Montreal Census Metropolitan Area have French mother tongue and outside the Montreal CMA, this figure is 93%. In 1996, the population of Quebec was 86% Catholic and 6% Protestant. In the development of the province the Catholic Church plays a major influential role. In politics the Government party Sovereignty plays a vital role in the  politics of Quebec. The major event taken place in 2006 was the Canadian House of Common has passed the symbolic motion, recognizing the Quà ©bà ©cois  as a  nation  within a united Canada (CTV News, 2006). Quebecer Language The  French is the official language  of Quebec and it is the only Canadian province with majority of Francophone population. According to the 2006 Census out of total population, 80.1 percent gives a singular response for French as their first language (Statistics Canada, 2008). About 97.4 percent of the total can able to speak French, whether as their first, second, or in some cases, third language. A significant number of Quebecer consider themselves to be  bilingual  (possess the knowledge of both, French and English). Quebec has the highest proportion of bilinguals as compare to any other province in Canada. Opposite to that, only 10.2 percent of the total population in the  rest of Canada has knowledge of both of the countrys official languages (Statistics Canada, 2007-08). Since the 1970s, in the province of Quebec except French other languages have been permitted on commercial signs only if French is given marked prominence. But that law has also been the subject of controversy since the beginning. Quebecer Identity and their Issues The term  Quà ©bà ©cois is now replaced with the French Canadian  or Quebecers to demonstrate the cultural and identity among French Canadians, living in province of Quebec. The major French Canadian nationalism and identity was based upon the protection of the  French language and their identity. Since the Quiet Revolution in 1960s, French Canadian struggle a lot to protect and to keep alive the French Quebec language, culture and identity. The modern Quà ©bà ©cois identity is based on a  social and democratic  idea of French Quebec, encouraging the French language and French-speaking culture in the arts, education, and business within the  Province of Quebec (Bà ©langer, Claude 2000).  According to Ethnic Diversity Survey  of the 2001 found that French-speaking Canadians identified their ethnicity most often as  Quà ©bà ©cois, or French Canadian (Grofman, B. 2003). These grouped together by Jantzen (2005) as French New World ancestries because they originat ed in Canada. He differentiates the English  Canadian, as those whose family has been in Canada for multiple generations, and the French  Canadian, are those who are the descendants of the original colonizer of  Quebec  in the 17th and 18th centuries (Jantzen (2005). In the late 1960s in Canada, there was only one official language and that was English. After a long continues struggle of Quebec for its language they finally get the result in the form French official language of Canada along with English. Quebecers  or  francophone generally represent  Quà ©bà ©cois  (masculine) or  Quà ©bà ©coise  (feminine) demonstrate their cultural and national identity. Those Francophones who identify themselves as Quà ©bà ©cois and they do not have any French-Canadian origin, may not be identify as French Canadian. Opposite to those who have French-Canadian origin, but support  Quebec sovereignty, often find  French-Canadian to be archaic or even pejorative. This is due to the strong social, cultural, and political ties that most Quebeckers of French-Canadian origin, who represent francophone  Quebecers, keeps within Quebec. It has given  Quà ©bà ©cois  an ambiguous meaning (James,  C.E. Shadd, A.L 2001).  Most of the English speaking Canadians of British or Canadian lineage generally cannot trace their lineage as far back in Canada as French-speakers. Thus their ethnic and racial identities are weaker, For example, only 50% of third generation Canadians strong ly identify as such. The survey report notes that 80% of Canadians whose families had been residing in Canada for three or more generations reported Canadian and provincial or regional ethnic identities. These identities include French New World descendents such as Quà ©bà ©cois (37% of Quebec population), Acadian (6% of Atlantic Provinces) (Statistic Canada, 2003). Challenges successes and continuous problem Conditions leading to new language and Nation Quebecois nationalism and identity movement were taking into the great consideration during late 1960s. The objective behind the movement was to sustain and extend the importance of French language (McWhinney 1979). The mood of nationalistic movement mood was influence by several factors, which ultimately leads to major language changes in Quebec policies and sovereignty. That makes the Quebecers to think for survival of their identity. Mainly those factors were decline in the fertility rate among the French Quebecois was very crucial and taken into a great consideration. The birth rate of French Canadian decline rapidly during the quiet revolution in period from 1960-1966. Birth rate decline from 4.2 children per 1000 married women in 1956 to 1961 to 2.3 children per 1000 married women for the period from 1966 to 1971. Quebecs birthrate was the lowest of all the Canadian provinces in the 1990s (Joy 1992). Quebec fertility rate from 1986 to 1991 was only 1.5 (Chevrier, 1997). In 1931 , 7.2 percent of the population outside of Quebec had French as their mother tongue. This proportion dropped to less than 5.0 percent in 1991. Because of significant changes in fertility rates and immigration, Quebecs proportion of the Canadian population has dropped from 27.7 percent in 1931 to 24.1 in 2001 (Chevrier, 2003). The adaptation of new immigrants to English as language is another key factor that leads to language reform in Quebec. Along with that the growing fears of French as rare language among Quebecer both within Canada and within the province of Quebec (Esman, 1985). English language was significantly adopted by Immigrants coming to the province and they prefer to send their children to English rather than French schools. More than 85 percent of all immigrants in Quebec choose English language schools in the late 1960s, approximately 70 percent of Italian-speaking children in the Montreal area sent their children to schools in English (Gagnon, 1997). The fourth reason for legislating of language policy was related to the civil rights movement and the self-assertion of the French speaking population in Quebec in the period 1960s and 1970s. When Pierre Vallià ¨res wrote his famous revolutionary work (entitled it as Nà ¨gres blancs dAmà ©rique (White Niggers of America), 1967) about the Quebec. It was perceive by many Quebecers as they are discriminated in comparison to the English speakers in Quebec, and condemned the capitalist system in the 1960s and 1970s. Quebec Successes and Continuing Problem In 1977, French was made as the official language of this Quebec but it does not mean that status of French and French speakers improved. This occurred because of the introduction of Bill 101, which the  Parti Quebecois  brought into law in 1977 to restrict access to an education in English in the province.   After more than a quarter decade of the Bill, demographic factors lead to some successes. According to the Canadian Census of 2001, 81.2 percent of Quebecers still speaks French as their mother language. In addition to that, 41 percent of Quebecers said they can speak both French and English in 2001 in comparison to 38 percent in 1996. Also the number of Anglophones reporting that they are bilingual in Quebec also increased from 62 percent in 1996 to 66 percent in 2001. Approximately 50 percent of the allophones speak both French and English (Statistics Canada, 2002). The ratio to the number of non French speaker to attending French language schools has increased significa ntly. This ratio is greater among the young people. According to 2001 census, 90.2 percent of young immigrants were enrolled in French schools (Chevrier, 2003). On the whole, everyday relations between the linguistic groups are cordial, and show a willingness to accommodate each other (Larrivà ©e, 2003). Quebec still faces some real challenges and continuing problems. Like low Adaptation and assimilation of francophones outside of Quebec and low birth rate inside. These factors Quebec are responsible for the decrease in the French-speaking population in Canada to 22.9 percent in 2001, down from 23.5 percent in 1996 (Statistics Canada 2002). Quebec had the largest net loss of any of the provinces according to the 2001 census. English still dominates the North American continent as a whole. The dominance of English is especially felt in the areas of foreign trade, the internet, television, and among Quebecer who use a language other than French. Still the insecurity about the French language, while reduced, has not disappeared. Quebec: Separate nation or Canadian Province Internal Circumstances According to world raking Quebec is the second highest indebted non-central government. Annual deficits of Quebec still exceed the value of three billion Canadian dollars per year. Along with that public bureaucracy is already distended; even so, thousands of federal employees have pledged to absorb by the Quebec government. Who are now lives in or have to ties after Quebec independence. The Quebec government is not ready and prepared to take the responsibilities and debts of Separate nation. Other estimates that Quebec Province also has to accept the federal governments debts, which is a very large amount (Fry, E.H. 1996-97). Along with all that 50 percent of debt would be payable to investors outside Quebec, and they may also suffer the additional lower bond rating challenges and a devalued currency. In addition to economic growth, provincial unemployment is also very low as compare to the rest of Canada. In 1996 the unemployment rate was 11.8 percent, two percentage points more th an Canadas overall 9.4 percent jobless rate. Like only 3000 jobs were created in Quebec, compared with 26,000 in British Columbia, 33,000 in Alberta, and 150,000 in Ontario (Fry, E.H. 1996-97). Along with these entire economic shortcoming the other big issues is Quebec politics; Quebec political parties raise issues periodically with central Canadian government and also threatening them as well. But the purpose of them is not just to solve the issue of language and French identity but to take some financial benefits from the Canadian government. Due to all these facts now the rest of Canada also want them to be separated from the Canada because they are not only burden on Canada but also creating racist policies like bill 101. According to which the only official language Quebec is French just opposite to rest of Canada where two official languages are French and English. The Bill also discriminating against other ethnic groups and minority language because they are only allows if French allow them. So the issue of Quebec is more political than issue of language and identity. People response as their politicians portraying the image to the public. Just as the in 2006 the  Canadian House of Commons  placed symbolic motion  recognizing the Quà ©bà ©cois  as a  nation  within a united Canada. Every political party was strongly agreed with the suggestions and later on that bill was passed (CTV News, 2006). Even the political party that was always demands Quebec as Separate nation and not the state within the state. External Circumstances Although in a situation where the Quebec declare their declaration of unilateral independence, Canadian government must have to intervene. There will be two reasons for intervention in the matter as one to protect the rights of the federally-protected minorities within the Quebec, and second to secure federal assets. France has the policy of non-intervention in the matter of Quebec but non-indifference, for example, has been a constant irritation to Ottawa (Alex Morrison, 1992). United States is the single most vital external actor in any Quà ©bec separation situation. If United States felt that instability in its northern part on its northern border threatened its own security, they will intervene. Such intervention will also possibly be occur due to the political pressures from within the US government or from interest groups or a national press interested in newly Canada. Whatever is going to be the ethical issue of intervention, the reality is that that the United States will ke ep a close eye on the situation. The intervention of United State might be in the form of direct military intervention, if they security threats, the imposition of sanctions. The most possible grounds for external intervention would range from directly by threat or force or by ant other mean, like third party arbitration in response to ethnic, minority protection, humanitarian assistance, resource protection or stability concerns. Due to the fact if the issue is not properly and timely handle it would lead to ethnic war among the different group within Canada and also within Quebec as well. The other Canadian provinces like Ottawa are also ready to create hurdle for Quebec if it get separation. Future of Quebec and there possible solution Some people think that, only way to protect the French language and identity is to separate the Quà ©bec province from the rest of Canada.  The central inspiration behind the nation is the issue of language, many believe that Quà ©bec will get more benefit economically and socially, if it were to separate from Canada. Opposite to that, many Quebecers feel if the Canadian government do not recognising Quà ©bec as a separate society, with its own unique language, identity and economy within the Canada, it will be a great lost in this increasingly globalised world for Quebec.  The `Bloc Quà ©bà ©cois` is the Political party of Canada represents this desire for sovereignty. That does the politics on the issue of having separate nation from Quebec. But the ground situation is quite different from what they demand. Politically, economically within the Quebec and in rest of Canada as well they are not in a position to have separate state. Also looking into the external scenario as well they have lot of threats which will make it more badly for new Quebec nation. To solve these issues Canada especially Quebec needs a good, strong politically and socially influential leader. Because if the Canada is not going to solve it in better way than it might lead to other ethnic and language issue in the country. But Canadian House of Commons, declaration of Quebecois is a nation within united Canada was great move which lower the issue into a great extent. If the Quebec want to have separate nation because of language than they must have to realize the fact that in any case they have to survive in the globalize world with English. Today English is consider as the one global language and it is called Globalish and it is also the main source of trade, communication, media etc. So in both cases either Quebec is separated or exists within the Canada as province, Quebecers  or  francophone has to learn English. Keeping knowledge of the language is not the bad thing to do as the Quebecers do. But the political parties of Quebec, using it as the advantage in political ground by making it as issue of identity. Which Canadian government had already given them by accepting as nation within the nation. Presently the Quebecers  or  francophone is getting support from provincial as well as federal government socially and economically as well. But once they get separated from Canada they will also lose the edge which have currently in the gl obalize world. The best possible solution is to have a referendum in the Quebec and in rest of Canada about the separation of Quebec. On the basis of that referendum they had to make the decision with the consensus of all political parties of the entire Canada. Important events took place since 1980 In a referendum that was held in 1980, Quebecer vote against sovereignty by the margin of 60-40. In 1981 Quebec  government take steps to ban all public signs that are in English  and any other language except French. The amendment of repatriation on Canadians constitution, except Quebec, all other provincial government and Federal government of Canada are agreed upon. Quebec government Premier Rene Leveques insists to veto over the Canadians repatriation constitutional change. That was discarded by the Prime Minister Trudeau, by making repatriate amendment 1982. In 1988 Supreme Court of Canada again reverses the sign law of French only Quebec. However, Quebec reinstated the law and as a result; the  ratification of the Meech Lake Accord  was slowed by Manitoba Premier Gary Filmon. Due to these certain issues, Bloc Quebecois political party was created by French cantina politicians in 1990. In referendum of 1995, again the Quebecer rejected the separation from Canada but this time the margin was very narrow 50.6 no to separation. Quebecer Premier Jacques explains the reason of failure as it is due to the negative and humiliating remarks against non French speakers. Finally 27th November 2006, Canadian House of Commons, announced that Quebecois is a nation within united Canada. After making such a change, some people think that it is the first step toward the separation of Quebec from Canada. Other has a different view; they think that it is clever and far reaching effort to make Quebec unproblematic province once for all. But whatever the case that was very good step taken by the House of Common because now Quebecers dont have any solid reason to demand for separation. Quebec Vs Basques; similarities / differences Basque Country is used to refer to the people located on the shores of the Bay of Biscay and on the two sides of the western Pyrenees that separate the Spanish and French States. The Basque language is considered as one of the oldest language of pre-Indo-European languages, and its origins are still unknown. Two important features about the Basque people are historically obvious. First is the, difficulty in harmonizing internal relations in among Basque people and reaching the common agreement with consensus. Second is the use of force or violence as tools to solve this problem. They think that issues can be best solves by the power. The main issue of Basque country is also like Quebec, language and identity. There has been continuous struggle to defend a different social reality or identity, one that includes a different language, a different culture, and different customs. Due to that reason number of conflicts and wars are occurred prior to the 19th century because of integration to Kingdoms or States that wished to incorporate the Basque into their territory. These states have periodically influence them by force to follow the identity and language of ruler state. This was very damaging to the identity of different Basque cultures. Similar to the issue of Quebec, survival of language and identity, but the both the situations are quite different in many aspects. For example in case of Quebec, the issue is now more political than the issue of identity and language because Canadian government had provided them every right to strengthen their language and identity. In 2006, Canadian government also accepted Quebec as nation within the nation along with 101 Bill. Opposite to that Basque country was invaded many times by French and Spanish state and tries to enforce their culture on them. Like prohibit in the use of the Basque language and various cultural expressions. Not only that but also they are trying to solve issues and problem by force, violence which causes number of casualties periodically and uncertainty. So although the issue is same in both the locations but the situation is entirely different. Does this relate to the area of the world you come from? Pakistan is a multilingualism country; there are many cases of language based identity. Even the provinces are described in terms of language base identity. Main languages are Sindhi, Punjabi, Pashto and Balochi etc these are all used to create or sustain ethnic identity and affiliation. Urdu is the official language of the country along with the English. But the language base identity is not the sole drive of the identity in case Pakistan, it works along with the religion. These two together make the identity of the nation just as opposite in case of Quebec, where the main issue is French language. Although in Pakistan politician do use the language base identity, but their purpose is just to strengthen their vote bank. The issue seems like language is not actually of language but equal distribution of resources and power. Discussion and Evaluation What is important is that, just as the language help in the creation of single nation, in the same way it also helps in the shaping of ethnic identity. The sense of isolation in the ethnic group contains, the nation can only be build by conforming that they share the pie; that they have respect for each others values, their language and identity. If that is going to happened the frustrations will make people united against it with many symbols and one of which is language. These circumstance leads to the creation of new nation but over the breakage of existing one. So if it is right that language creates nations than there is also no doubt if those circumstances are not properly handled, it is the reason of breaking nations. The issue is very sensitive because of the emotional attachments of the groups to it history and identity. Managing such kind of problem in beginning is very important otherwise it will only end at the separation, violence and hatred. Just as the case of Quebec where the issue of language and had taken a great consideration after 1960s. Although Canadian government had handle the situation very effectively as for the matter is concern. Canadian government also accepted the French language as the official language Canada and only official language in Quebec. They have given the full rights to protect and strengthen French language in all fields of life in Quebec. Even though these rights were also miss use in the Bill 101 where they have restricted other ethnic and language groups only to French language. Along with that Quebec government and political parties also misusing the issue and use it for their political gain. Due to that they receive huge funds from Canadian government. After all these circumstance today the rest of Canada also want to separate the Quebec from Canada. But issue is not as simple as its look like. If Canada separates them than also there will more ethic groups will raise the same kind of i ssues and they will also demand for separation. Along with that, there will also start fight resources among themselves and the external pressure will also be superior. Quebec is also not in position to take the responsibility of separate sovereign nation, so its better to be a part of the Canada. Conclusion If Quebecer wants to have a separate nation for French speakers than the best possible solution is to have the referendum in the entire Canada along with Quebec. Along with that they have to take every step with complete census so as to avoid any social and ethnic issue which leads to violence or damage. Challenges to the independence are predictable; there will be various issues of concerned for the newly independent like Ottawa will tries to push Quebec to the verge of instability and collapse. Economic conditions, meeting it fiscal deficit every year, resource and debt distribution between Canada and Quebec are the challenges, which Quebec has to tackle with if they get separated. Above all the issue of territory has to be achieving to the satisfaction of all parties with the eruption of escalatory friction and violence. Canadian history, as well as extensive study of current ethnic conflict, offers comprehensive reasons to believe that Quà ©becs separation to independence will b e everything but peaceful. Although the separation will bring damages for both in long run and short run as well. So before separating, they have to try to make each and every effort evade the perfect storm. And live as one nation and that is Canada.

Oprah Winfrey :: essays research papers

On January 29. 1954 Oprah Gail Winfrey was born to unwed teenage parents in Kosciusko, Mississippi. For the first six years of her life her grandmother raised her on a Mississippi farm. While in her grandmother’s care she was taught to read at a very early age. This grew into a love of reading that she still has today. At the age of six her mother, Vernita Lee, decided that she could care for her daughter and Oprah was sent to live with her mother in Milwaukee. From the age of six to thirteen, Oprah stayed with her mother. During this time a cousin raped her when she was nine years old and later she was molested by a male friend of her mother’s and by an uncle. She never told anyone about the abuse that she was suffering. Instead, she held her angry and pain inside and she rebelled. She repeatedly ran away and got into trouble. She was sent to live with her father Vernon Winfrey in Nashville when she was thirteen. Her father helped her with discipline. He encouraged Oprah to do her best. Oprah’s father helped her turn her life around. Oprah has spoken of his requirement that she read a book each week and completes a book report on the book. At the age of nineteen Oprah landed her first job as a reporter for a radio station in Nashville. Later she entered Tennessee State University to study radio and television broadcasting. In 1976 Oprah Winfrey moved to Baltimore where she hosted a TV show called People Are Talking. The show was a hit and Winfrey stayed for eight years. In 1986 Oprah started the Oprah Winfrey Show. Oprah has been honored with the most prestigious awards in broadcasting including the George Foster Peabody individual Achievement award in 1996 and the National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences lifetime Achievement award in 1998. In June 1998,

Ideal Society Essay

What does one think of when discussing the topic of an â€Å"ideal society†? Throughout history, mankind has struggled to improve society for future generations. Every person has his/her own views on what an ideal society should be like. Society is defined as â€Å"a body of individuals living as members of a community†. Many scholars and well-known authors such as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Thomas More express those ideas through public speaking. Although those ideas are just one person’s opinion, others believe in the power of God and the belief that he created the world. This, in turn, developed societies amongst the people. Society is built upon individuals expressing their own beliefs and their opinions and putting them into action. The real question is how we, as individuals, take those thoughts, and utilize them to the best of our ability in our everyday lives. Realistically, an ideal society will only work if the ideals are upheld within each individual in the society. An ideal society has been talked of as a â€Å"Utopia†. It is one of the common dreams of man. It is a topic that has no such notion of a perfect explanation. There are many different perceptions from each person in today’s world. What are people continuously trying to improve? I feel that one aspect of an ideal society would be where we all are treated equally. People of different race, sex, gender, disability, etc†¦ would not be stigmatized by the rest of society as most are today. However, one’s talent could not be disregarded. In so many communist societies, their plans for an equal society had always failed. These societies failed to take notice of the talents in individuals and could not tolerate the people who outgrew their society. Society should provide more opportunities to a person with talent. Therefore, would â€Å"equality† still be able to hold true for all persons? I think not in this case. When talking about justice, what should really be considered? Justice can mean a multitude of different things to different people and societies. The concept of justice has always been closely tied to the idea of fairness. It has also always been associated with the idea of rationality. Everyone wants to live in a society that is fair. When a case goes before the Supreme Court, the judges (or justices) are expected to rationally deliberate long and hard about the fairest course of action. An ideal society should definitely have justice just as our society does today. Issues that could arise should be dealt with in the fairest way possible. The individuals making the decisions should be rationale about their planned course of action. Actions should not be taken based off of a biased view of something but rather an unbiased view. Freedom is another big concept that should not be ignored when thinking of an ideal society. It is considered to be the greatest human value. The more degree of freedom one has, the more one can realize his/her true potentials. If an individual is told they can’t do this or they can’t do that by another person than that other person is limiting the individual’s freedom. Each person should be allowed freedom but freedom must be regulated to a certain extreme. This is because freedom does not and cannot mean freedom to harm, exploit, or kill someone or something. Due to the fact that freedom should be regulated in an ideal society, this brings up the concept of governance and laws. There still remain people who may try to take away the freedoms of others if given a free hand. Individuals should have the highest possible freedom available but they still must follow the laws set forth by a government. Without these laws in place, there would be no order. If someone breaks a law, they must go before the governing body to determine the fairest way to handle the breaking of the law. An ideal society should not have to be one that does not have rules or laws and everyone runs around doing whatever they please. Public interest is the nature of a government itself. It refers to the general welfare of a society. In an ideal society, the attention of the people would actually have a large impact on governing ideas. This is supposed to hold true in today’s society but most people have a large speculation about it. A society’s interests should be considered when running a government. It is these individuals one is looking out for. A governing body must consider what is in a society’s best interests and what needs to be done to ensure their general welfare. This includes making sure they are not in harm’s way. A government will protect its society in any way possible. There are many components that could play into creating an ideal society. The ones mention above are just a few. Undoubtedly religion would play some role in the theory of an ideal society and the people’s lives of the society. Government and the components that go into an effective government are also key elements. Another thing that one may look at would be healthcare. However, what components I think should go into an ideal society may differ from those of another person. Every person has his/her own views and ideas concerning this concept. There is no universal right or wrong in this case, there is only what you believe.

The influence of Byzantine art

The influence of Byzantine art to subsequent art movements has only been recognized in recent years: nonetheless, this does not diminish its magnitude. Contemporary Byzantine iconographer Egon Sendler is a Roman Catholic priest and art professor who is credited as one of the main proponent and educator of contemporary Byzantine art that subscribe to the aesthetic and canonical rules of its traditional iconography (Atelier Saint Andre, 2005). Like com/art-appreciation-test-2/">the original Byzantine artworks, the predominant theme and subject or the art was religious in nature.Original Byzantine art was not limited to religious iconography but also sought to represent imperial themes since Byzantine fluence but there was also a significant influence and transfer of Eastern styles particularly in the use of colors, pigments and architecture featured in the art (Sendler, 1995). As seen in Sendler’s work titled Virgin Pokrov completed in 2000, the work is symbolical rather natural istic and was predominantly of traditional Orthodox icons and symbols (see Figure 1). Sendler’s work is not only visually faithful to original Byzantine art but follows preparation and materials used during the period.Since the period extends from the 4th to 15th centuries, there is a wide variety of styles, mediums and materials used. However, Sendler points out that Byzantine art traditions root in canons and iconography allows modern artists the facility to recreate the artistic tradition was also considered as the successor of the Great Roman Empire. Classical tradition as was a heavy inn today. The objective of Byzantine artists, ancient and contemporary, it is not to create disambiguation or abstraction of their subject but rather reflect the interpretation of what constitutes as â€Å"natural† at the advent of the Byzantine era.References Atelier Saint Andre (2005) Father Egon Sendler. Atelier Saint Andre. net, July 17. Retrieved July 16, 2008, from http://www. atelier-st-andre. net/en/pages/presentation/father_sendler. html Sendler, Egon (1995). The Icon Images of the Invisible, Elements of Theology, Aesthetics and Technique. New York: Oakwood Publications Sendler, Egon (2000). Virgin Pokrov. Retrieved July 16, 2008, from http://www. iconsexplained. com/iec/01017. htm